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Ruffe seems to have been used as a synonym for trump early in the seventeenth century, as appears from the extract from Cotgrave’s "Dictionary." Nares, in his "Glossary," says - "Ruff meant a trump card, charta dominatrix;" even at the present day, many Whist players speak of ruffing, i.e. trumping; and, in the expression a cross-ruff, the word ruff is preserved to the exclusion of the word trump. Dr. Johnson does not positively derive Whist from the interjectio silentium imperans; he cautiously explains Whist to be "a game at cards, requiring close attention and silence." Nares, in his Glossary, has "Whist, an interjection commanding silence;" and he adds, "That the name of the game of Whist is derived from this, is known, I presume, to all who play or do not play." He, however, in his preface, well remarks that he knows "the extreme fallaciousness of the science of etymology when based on mere similarity of sound;" but in the case of Whist, he has allowed similarity of sound to master his judgment. One evening, when the Queen Dowager was playing against him with her husband and his daughter (the Queen of Westphalia, the wife of Jerome), the King stopped Napoleon, who was taking up a trick that did not belong to him, saying, "Sire, on ne joue pas ici en conquérant." After the 63 restoration, Whist was taken up in France more enthusiastically.

It is one thing to own a business, it is another thing to adopt some important tricks. For an investor to thrive well in billiard business, he needs to properly understand that billiard and pool halls should be targeted towards a particular segment of the entire marketplace. Instead of spending all funds on pool hall business, they diversify and also invest on complimentary services. In many pool games the penalty for a foul is ball-in-hand anywhere on the table for the opponent. In some games such as straight pool, a foul results in a loss of one or more points. Pub pool usually consists of minor local variations on one of these two standardised rule sets. Also bar rules, pub pool, tavern pool. Blackball was chosen because it is less ambiguous ("eight-ball pool" is too easily confused with the international standardized "eight-ball"), and blackball is globally standardized by an International Olympic Committee-recognized governing body, the World Pool-Billiard Association (WPA); meanwhile, its ancestor, eight-ball pool, is largely a folk game, like North American bar pool, and to the extent that its rules have been codified, they have been done so by competing authorities with different rulesets. BCA Rules Committee (1992), p.

In carom billiards games, when all the balls are kept near each other and a cushion so that with very soft shots the balls can be "nursed" down a rail, allowing multiple successful shots that effectively replicate the same ball setup so that the nurse shots can be continued almost indefinitely, unless a limit is imposed by the rules. Usually set-up in non-verb form, sometimes setup in noun form particularly. It is the most-played form of competition pool in the world, though not for professionals, among whom nine-ball dominates. Billiards and Pool Principles, Techniques, Resources. Only make billiards one of them. In UK eight-ball this would normally give the opponent the option of one of two plays: (1) ball-in-hand with two shots; (2) being allowed to contact, or even pot, a ball other than one from their set from the snookered position (although the black may not be potted), with the loss of the first shot. Also free shot. A situation where a player has fouled, leaving the opponent snookered. In addition, some variations of the game allow the player to pot one of the opposition's balls, on the first visit only, without the loss of a "free shot". I find I knew nothing of the Game before; tho’ I can assure you, I have been reckoned a First-rate Player in the City a good while - nay, for that Matter, I make no Bad Figure at the Crown - and don’t despair, by your Assistance, but to make one at White’s soon.

In one-pocket, in which a set number of balls must be made in a specific pocket, upon a foul the player must return a ball to the table. The term billiards is sometimes used to refer to all of the cue sports, to a specific class of them, or to specific ones such as English billiards; this article uses the term in its most generic sense unless otherwise noted. See the Four-ball billiards main article for the game. See the Seven-ball main article for the game. Same as draw. See illustration at spin. Also backspin, back-spin, What is a billiards club backward spin. 1. In snooker, any of the object balls that are not reds. Erring too much in this direction is "missing on the professional side of the pocket." It is so called because experienced players understand that on a thin cut, overcutting the object ball to a corner pocket will far more often leave the object ball in an unfavorable position, i.e. along the short rail for the incoming opponent than will an undercut, which often leaves the object ball sitting in front of or nearby the pocket it had been intended for on a miss. Like association croquet, the object of the game is to be the first to pass each of their balls through all six hoops in both directions and to strike the central peg, for a total of 26 points.