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Types of Coffee Beans

Behind every cup of coffee we enjoy there are beans that have been carefully graded. These beans are evaluated by their size, color, shape and density.

The AA grade is awarded to coffee beans that satisfy all the above criteria except they shouldn't have more than three defective qualities (quakers). These are typically Kenya AA beans.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans are also known as Coffea Arabicica and are the most well-known coffee in the world. According to legend, coffee was discovered by an Ethiopian goatherder Ethiopia after he noticed that his herd was more full of energy when they ate the fruit of the plant. This led him to experiment with roasting seeds and brewing them, making the drink that we drink today.

While many types of coffee plants exist, there are only two primary species used as the foundation for all of our favorite coffees: robusta and arabica. The flavor of the final drink is typically more appealing with the robusta variety.

There are a number of different cultivars of arabica, each every one having their own distinct flavour profile. Two of the most famous varieties are Typica and Bourbon which are the basis for the other arabica varieties have been developed, either through natural mutation or through deliberate crossbreeding. The SL28 cultivar, for instance was developed in Kenya by Scott Labs and is known for its distinct chocolate flavor.

The taste of the arabica variety is contingent on the conditions under the conditions it was cultivated, as well as the method by which it was handled and roasted. For example, the type of shade that a tree receives along with its altitude and soil composition may all play an important influence on the final outcome.

Robusta

Robusta coffee beans unroasted beans, also referred to as coffee canephora, are the second most widely used type of coffee. They are the beans used in the majority of instant drinks and have twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica Coffee Beans. They are also used to make many blends of espresso particularly for cappuccino, caffe latte and other coffee drinks.

The Coffea Canephora plant originated in Sub-Saharan Africa, but it has since been grown all over the world. It is able to grow at lower elevations and can withstand higher temperatures than Arabica coffee plants, which makes it a better choice for farmers. Vietnam is currently the biggest producer of robusta coffee, followed by Brazil and Indonesia.

The robusta plant is an excellent coffee however it's not a favorite among cupping enthusiasts because of its bitter taste and burnt-rubber notes. It's usually regarded as to be a lower quality coffee and a majority of the major coffee companies employ arabica beans for their top quality products.

However the demand for premium coffee is increasing, and even small roasters are testing high-end robusta varieties in order to make the most of its exceptional qualities. Our Valhalla Java and Death With Coffee are two examples of exceptional robusta coffees, which are blended with arabica to provide the perfect balance of flavour and strength. These are carefully procured from Uganda, where robusta is cultivated for long periods of time. You can learn more about them here.

Liberica

Liberica coffee beans are rare and are rarely used around the globe. They are less than 2 percent of the total consumption of coffee beans and are often overlooked because they don't have the same amount of caffeine. However, these beans possess an unique flavor that a lot of coffee lovers find irresistible.

Liberica coffee beans, although extremely rare they are still very popular in a few regions of Asia. These beans are most common in Malaysia and Indonesia where there is a significant Muslim community. The coffee industry in these countries has historically been very strong and drinking the cup of coffee following a prayer is part of the tradition.

The background of Liberica coffee bean shop began in the 1890s, when an epidemic of rusty coffee leaves killed the majority of the world's arabica crop. This incident prompted coffee farmers to look for a resilient plant that would thrive in tropical climates. They soon discovered Liberica.

Liberica plants have a high tolerance for diseases and pests, which made them a great alternative to the ruined arabica crop. Liberica can also be grown in lower elevations and higher temperatures, which allows it to thrive in the Southeast Asian climate. This is the reason why, today the majority of the coffee produced in the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia originates from Liberica beans.

Excelsa

While it's not usual for coffee lovers to see excelsa coffee beans in their cups, these rarer beans are beginning to earn the reputation of having a distinct flavor. According to Komal Sable of South India Coffee Co. who is a fifth generation coffee farmer These beans have a similar teardrop form, but are smaller. But despite this resemblance to the family, it's important to note that excelsa is technically not a separate species.

It's not easy to classify excelsa beans. This confusion is responsible for the absence of existence of these beans in the contemporary coffee world. Many roasters, farmers, and brewers are unaware of how to properly cultivate and use these beans.

It's the individual's responsibility to decide if they like the flavor of excelsa, and it could take a while to find the right blend. It's crucial to be flexible and try different kinds of coffee until you discover the one you love. By doing so, you'll be able to experience the full potential these unique beans have to offer. It's a trip that's worth the effort.