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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You've probably heard that different types of plants produce different flavors. Find out about four of the most well-known varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, a variety of Liberica which is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a more fruity and tarter taste profile, and are often added to blends of beans to enhance the flavor.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans account for 75% of global production. Arabica beans are milder and sweeter than Robusta. They also come in different flavour profiles. The flavor and aroma of coffee are affected by the conditions in the conditions in which it grows and the processing methods employed.

The word "coffee" originates from the Arabic word meaning berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that grow in bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds discovered that their goats were stimulated by eating fruit berries. The cultivation of coffee quickly spread around the world.

Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes, and are capable of flourishing when exposed to cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is one of the reasons for why Arabica is considered to be the most delicious coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters concentrate on the ethical sourcing of arabica beans, with a focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies often blend arabica beans to make unique coffees that work well with various brewing methods. Blending can be used to control the flavour, aroma, body, and acidity of the coffee and is usually preferred to achieve a balanced and consistent taste that appeals to a wider market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most coveted kind of coffee bean around the world. They have more caffeine per bean and are more protected against pests and diseases. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids which are antioxidants that occur naturally. These acids can cause oxidation during the coffee's brewing process and cause undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more resilient than arabica, able thrive in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can withstand temperatures that are higher and thrives in direct sunlight. It is faster growing and produces more Buy Coffee Beans Near Me per plant than arabica, making it a more cost-effective crop to grow.

While it may seem counterintuitive it's true that arabica and Robusta beans are often blended together to create coffee blends. If you've seen the names of countries like Uganda or Kenya listed on a bag of coffee, it's likely that there's some robusta in there as well.

While some roasters exclusively use arabica beans, most do mix the two varieties to cut cost and maintain quality. In order to preserve the integrity of the flavor, it is essential to choose a high-quality bean from a supplier you are confident with. The best way to do this is to purchase your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped, which makes them distinct from other coffee beans bulk bean types. They have a distinct aroma that is fruity and floral with smoky undertones. They are often paired with other coffee beans to give a fuller, more robust flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo) and Southeast Asia. They are well-adapted to humid, hot conditions and can be grown at low altitudes. They also have a better resistance to diseases than Arabica and Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect for growing at home. The seeds can be found online from many sources, however it is preferred to purchase them locally-owned producers to ensure the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions for growing Liberica coffee plants are fertile, deep volcanic soils with a moderately acidic pH and adequate annual rainfall.

Another kind of coffee beans to buy bean is Excelsa which was originally considered a distinct species, but was re-classified as a variation of Liberica. These coffee beans are elongated ovals that are cultivated on 20 to 30 feet coffee plants that are located at medium altitudes. They have a distinct flavor that is both fruity and tart, which has made them a sought-after selection in blends for house. They are also lighter in scent and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta and Robusta, yet they have a distinctive richness of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as common as Arabica and Robusta, even though they are the fourth most popular. In fact, they were considered a distinct coffee plant species until 2006 when they were reclassified to an alternative to Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are produced in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the world's production of coffee. The coffee beans are distinctive with a teardrop shape and have a dark, mysterious taste. They are frequently utilized to give blends extra body and a sweet tart flavor of ripened fruits.

Arabica beans are the most sought-after, and are renowned for having a an apricot-like flavor. They thrive in warm, tropical climates and high altitudes. They are slightly acidic. If brewed correctly and roast they can be a bit sweet with hints of nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is an extremely close second to Arabica and makes up about 40 percent of the world's beans. Robusta is rounder and smaller, yet they contain more caffeine than Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and tend to have earthy and woody overtones.

After learning about the four most popular varieties and their characteristics, it's time to choose your favorite brew. If you want a smooth and delicate taste, go for an arabica bean or a blend of arabica and robusta beans.